What condition is characterized by prolonged sadness or low mood, as seen in a 15-year-old who is truant and isolated?

The condition characterized by prolonged sadness or a low mood is primarily known as Dysthymia, particularly when the presentation indicates a persistent depressive mood that lasts for a significant period, often for years. In the context of a 15-year-old who is exhibiting signs of truancy and isolation, these behaviors are indicative of a low mood that has likely been present for an extended duration rather than just a couple of weeks.

Dysthymia, now termed Persistent Depressive Disorder in some classifications, manifests as a chronic feeling of sadness that does not necessarily escalate to the severity of Major Depression but still markedly impacts daily functioning and quality of life. It is essential to recognize that while symptoms may be less severe than Major Depression, their persistence over time can lead to significant impairment and distress.

Understanding the developmental context is crucial; adolescents often exhibit changes in behavior such as truancy and social withdrawal in response to ongoing feelings of sadness or hopelessness associated with Dysthymia. Identifying Dysthymia is important for appropriate therapeutic interventions aimed at helping the individual improve their mood and re-engage with their social and academic responsibilities.